In an interview regarding the recently released “National Space Science Medium and Long-Term Development Plan (2024-2050)” by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Space Administration, we discussed the ambitious goals and strategic directions outlined in this pivotal document.
The overarching goal of the plan is to methodically layout and implement national space science missions. It emphasizes enhancing mission-driven fundamental research and cultivating a high-caliber workforce in space science. The intention is to achieve significant original research outcomes with international impact, ensuring high-quality growth in space science. This initiative aims to drive technological innovation in space and elevate applications, positioning China among global leaders in space science.
Breaking it down into phases, what can we expect by 2027?
By that year, the plan outlines a significant leap in scientific research capabilities. China aims to make international strides in fields such as high-energy astrophysics, solar-terrestrial interactions, the formation and evolution of the Moon and Mars, microgravity physics, and space life sciences. The agenda includes validating and launching several space science missions, targeting phenomena like dark matter and extreme universe conditions, with 5 to 8 projects projected, 2 to 3 of which are expected to yield landmark discoveries.
As we look ahead to 2028-2035, pivotal progress is anticipated in key research areas. China plans to forge ahead in detecting gravitational waves, understanding the dark ages of the universe, and searching for habitable exoplanets. During this phase, about 15 space science missions will be pursued, including 4 to 5 large-scale initiatives focusing on origins of the early universe and extraterrestrial life.
Finally, between 2036 and 2050, the goal is to solidify China’s position as a global powerhouse in space science. The targets include groundbreaking discoveries related to the origins and evolution of the universe and human life in deep space. It envisions implementing over 30 major space science tasks that leverage China’s leadership in a new technological revolution.
In terms of priority development directions, could you elaborate on the five major scientific themes China plans to focus on?
Absolutely. The plan emphasizes themes like “Extreme Universe,” which investigates the origins and evolution of the cosmos, and “Spacetime Ripples,” dedicated to detecting gravitational waves. Additionally, the “Sun-Earth Panorama” explores the intricate dynamics between Earth and the solar system, while the “Habitable Planets” theme investigates potential life on exoplanets and throughout the solar system. Lastly, the “Space Matter” theme aims to uncover the laws governing material motion and life under space conditions.
To implement these ambitious plans, what are the next steps?
The roadmap outlines three key stages. The first phase, completed by 2027, involves operating the Chinese space station and initiating several significant missions, including manned lunar exploration. The subsequent stage (2028-2035) will build on the successes of the first phase with additional projects focusing on solar system exploration. By the final phase (2036-2050), we expect major advancements that will establish China as a leader in crucial areas of space science.
To support these objectives, enhancing organizational capacity, securing financial investment, and fostering international cooperation will be essential. The creativity and originality in scientific achievements during this period will undoubtedly contribute to building a robust space power and a technology-driven nation.
